The 14 officers and 340 troopers on the bluffs organized an all-around defense and dug rifle pits using whatever implements they had among them, including knives. It became apparent that the warriors in the village were either aware or would soon be aware of his approach. The orders, made without accurate knowledge of the village's size, location, or the warriors' propensity to stand and fight, had been to pursue the Native Americans and "bring them to battle." A significant portion of the regiment had previously served 4 years at Fort Riley, Kansas, during which time it fought one major engagement and numerous skirmishes, experiencing casualties of 36 killed and 27 wounded. ", Lawson, 2007, pp. And p. 114: Custer told his officer staff days before the battle that he "opted against the Gatling gunsso as not to 'hamper our movements'", Sklenar, 2000, p. 92: Custer "on the evening of 22 June[informed his officer staff]why he had not accepted the offersof Gatling guns (he thought they might hamper his movements at a critical moment). Along the route, there are waysides where you can pull over to read. [54], Some authors and historians, based on archaeological evidence and reviews of native testimony, speculate that Custer attempted to cross the river at a point further north they refer to as Ford D. According to Richard A. The Making of the Crow Nation in America, 18051935. the Badlands, ND 58645 Custer's Last Stand: Little Big Horn - US Hwy 212, Crow Agency, Montana. There were more than 20 [troopers] killed there to the right. Custer National Cemetery, on the battlefield, is part of the . More on the 1876 campaign that led to the Battle of the Little Bighorn, which included Lucian Burnham, a Broome County native serving under Custer. That they might have come southwest, from the center of Nye-Cartwright Ridge, seems to be supported by Northern Cheyenne accounts of seeing the approach of the distinctly white-colored horses of Company E, known as the Grey Horse Company. ", Hatch, 1997, pp. NOTE:Site requires 2-mile cross-country hike. [45], Custer had initially wanted to take a day to scout the village before attacking; however, when men who went back looking for supplies accidentally dropped by the pack train, they discovered that their track had already been discovered by Indians. RoadsideAmerica.com offers maps, directions and attraction details as a convenience, providing all information as is. "Custer's Last Stand" redirects here. It was in fact a correct estimate until several weeks before the battle when the "reservation Indians" joined Sitting Bull's ranks for the summer buffalo hunt. While the gunfire heard on the bluffs by Reno and Benteen's men during the afternoon of June 25 was probably from Custer's fight, the soldiers on Reno Hill were unaware of what had happened to Custer until General Terry's arrival two days later on June 27. Later, the troops would have bunched together in defensive positions and are alleged to have shot their remaining horses as cover. The Battle of the Little Bighorn, also called Custer's Last Stand, marked the most decisive Native American victory and the worst U.S. Army defeat in the long Plains Indian War. Grant Marsh,", "Grant Marsh Tells of his Part in the Custer Expedition,", Sklenar, 2000, p. 68: Terry's column out of Fort Abraham Lincoln included "artillery (two Rodman and two Gatling guns)". Cut off by the Indians, all 210 of the soldiers who had followed Custer toward the northern reaches of the village were killed in a desperate fight that may have lasted nearly two hours and culminated in the defense of high ground beyond the village that became known as Custers Last Stand. The details of the movements of the components of Custers contingent have been much hypothesized. Custer's remaining companies (E, F, and half of C) were soon killed. ", Hatch, 1997, p. 184: "It has been estimated that perhaps 200 repeating rifles were possessed by the Indians, nearly one for each [man in Custer's battalion].". ", Donovan, 2008, p. 175: "Custer refused Terry's offer of the Gatling gun battery. [67]:11719 The fact that either of the non-mutilation wounds to Custer's body (a bullet wound below the heart and a shot to the left temple) would have been instantly fatal casts doubt on his being wounded and remounted.[76]. Wood, Raymond W. and Thomas D. Thiessen (1987): White, Richard: The Winning of the West: The Expansion of the Western Sioux in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Events leading up to the confrontation were typical of the irresolute and confusing policy of the U.S. government toward Native Americans. This battle and the skirmish at Sully's Water Hole, the the only battles known to have occurred in the area of the Auto Tour. Custer and the 209 soldiers fighting under him are killed. I arrived at the conclusion then, as I have now, that it was a rout, a panic, until the last man was killed That there was no line formed on the battlefield. (2013). Survivors of the assaults fled north to seek safety with Keogh's Company I they could react quickly enough to prevent the disintegration of their own unit. While the village was enormous, Custer still thought there were far fewer warriors to defend the village. Sklenar, 2000, p. 163: "the village contained possibly 1,200 lodges, plus several hundred wikiups housing individual warriors. Custer's scouts warned him about the size of the village, with Mitch Bouyer reportedly saying, "General, I have been with these Indians for 30 years, and this is the largest village I have ever heard of. Many orders might have been given, but few obeyed. Robinson, 1995, p. xxviii: "the Model 1873 Springfield rifle, in caliber .45-70 for the infantry, and .45-55 light carbine for cavalry. [118] Indian accounts also noted the bravery of soldiers who fought to the death. The troops evidently died in several groups, including on Custer Hill, around Captain Myles Keogh, and strung out towards the Little Bighorn River. For example, near the town of Garryowen, portions of the skeleton of a trooper killed in the Reno Retreat were recovered from an eroding bank of the Little Big Horn, while the rest of the remains had apparently been washed away by the river. This practice had become standard during the last year of the American Civil War, with both Union and Confederate troops utilizing knives, eating utensils, mess plates and pans to dig effective battlefield fortifications. [114] Lakota chief Red Horse told Col. W. H. Wood in 1877 that the Native Americans suffered 136 dead and 160 wounded during the battle. [92]:314 Fighting dismounted, the soldiers' skirmish lines were overwhelmed. 9193: "[Henryville] was named in the mid-1980s by archaeologists after they discovered a large artifact collection there, which included numerous .44-caliber Henry cartridges. Comanche was taken back to the steamer. Digital FH-S x8: 10N 500N, capteur interne, sortie+min. While some of the indigenous people eventually agreed to relocate to ever-shrinking reservations, a number of them resisted, sometimes fiercely.[19]. [31], By the time of the Battle of the Little Bighorn, half of the 7th Cavalry's companies had just returned from 18 months of constabulary duty in the Deep South, having been recalled to Fort Abraham Lincoln, Dakota Territory to reassemble the regiment for the campaign. R.E. The federal government was forcing the Native Americans to move to reservations. Gen. Alfred Terry's column, including twelve companies (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, and M) of the 7th Cavalry under Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer's immediate command,[29] Companies C and G of the 17th Infantry, and the Gatling gun detachment of the 20th Infantry departed westward from Fort Abraham Lincoln in the Dakota Territory on May 17. Hatch, 1997, pp. [105], Oglala Sioux Black Elk recounted the exodus this way: "We fled all night, following the Greasy Grass. Fort Worth: Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, 1969, Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, C-SPAN Cities Tour Billings: Battle of the Little Bighorn, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Cultural depictions of George Armstrong Custer, List of battles won by Indigenous peoples of the Americas, "Characterization of Geographical Aspects of the Landscape and Environment in the Area of the Little Bighorn Battlefield, Montana", Washita Memories: Eyewitness Views of Custer's Attack on Black Kettle's Village (review), "A 7th Cavalry survivor's account of the Battle of the Little Bighorn", "Online version of Cullum's Register of Graduates of the United States Military Academy Class of 1846 Samuel D. Sturgis", "The 7th U.S. Cavalry Regiment Fought in Battle of the Little Bighorn", "The official record of a court of inquiry convened at Chicago, Illinois, January 13, 1879, by the President of the United States upon the request of Major Marcus A. Reno, 7th U.S. Cavalry, to investigate his conduct at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, June 2526, 1876", "George Armstrong Custer and The Battle of the Little of The Little Big Horn (A South African View)", "Confirmed by one of his surviving Arikara scouts, Little Sioux", "Little Sioux's Story of the Battle of the Little Bighorn", Martin J. Kidston, "Northern Cheyenne break vow of silence", "White Cow Bull's Story of the Battle of the Little Bighorn #1", "Indian War / Gen. Gibbons Letter Relating to Terrible Massacre", "Massacre of Our Troops / Five Companies Killed by Indians", "1876: The Eagle Screams. By dividing his forces, Custer could have caused the defeat of the entire column, had it not been for Benteen's and Reno's linking up to make a desperate yet successful stand on the bluff above the southern end of the camp.[129]. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Surprised and according to some accounts astonished by the unusually large numbers of Native Americans, Crook held the field at the end of the battle but felt compelled by his losses to pull back, regroup, and wait for reinforcements. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Reconstructions of their actions have been formulated using both the accounts of Native American eyewitnesses and sophisticated analysis of archaeological evidence (cartridge cases, bullets, arrowheads, gun fragments, buttons, human bones, etc. That was the condition all over the field and in the [gorge]. Dunlay, Thomas W.: Wolves for the Blue Soldiers. If they dida thing I firmly believethey were tortured and killed the night of the 25th. 25K views 3 years ago North out of the Crow's Nest valley and then west across Davis Creek over to Reno Creek. However, their inclusion would not have changed the ultimate outcome. The fight was an overwhelming victory for the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho, who were led by several major war leaders, including Crazy Horse and Chief Gall, and had been inspired by the visions of Sitting Bull (Tatka yotake). Many of these men threw down their weapons while Cheyenne and Sioux warriors rode them down, "counting coup" with lances, coup sticks, and quirts. [203] With the ejector failure in US Army tests as low as 1:300, the Springfield carbine was vastly more reliable than the muzzle-loading Springfields used in the Civil War. Several days after the battle, Curley, Custer's Crow scout who had left Custer near Medicine Tail Coulee (a drainage which led to the river), recounted the battle, reporting that Custer had attacked the village after attempting to cross the river. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Earlier in the spring, many of those Native Americans had congregated to celebrate the annual Sun Dance ceremony, at which Sitting Bull experienced a prophetic vision of soldiers toppling upside down in his camp, which he interpreted as a harbinger of a great victory for his people. Hatch, 1997, p. 124: "On a final note: the Springfield carbine remained the official cavalry firearm until the early 1890s". The fight continued until dark (approximately 9:00pm) and for much of the next day, with the outcome in doubt. They were accompanied by teamsters and packers with 150 wagons and a large contingent of pack mules that reinforced Custer. For the 1936 film serial, see, Looking in the direction of the Indian village and the deep ravine. [37], Custer contemplated a surprise attack against the encampment the following morning of June 26, but he then received a report informing him several hostiles had discovered the trail left by his troops. ", Hatch, 1997, p. 124: "How often did this defect [ejector failure] occur and cause the [Springfield carbines] to malfunction on June 25, 1876? [64] The shaken Reno ordered his men to dismount and mount again. The Battle of the Little Bighorn was fought at the Little Bighorn River in southern Montana Territory, U.S. [119], Cavalrymen and two Indian Government scouts[?]. ", Gallear, 2001: "The bow's effective range was about 30 yards and was unlikely to kill a man instantly or even knock him off his horse. 43rd Street South W The Custer Trail - Fort Abraham Lincoln to the Little Bighorn Battlefield Dodger's Trips 414 subscribers Subscribe 113 12K views 2 years ago A fur traders rendezvous was in progress as. An auto tour through the Little Missouri National Grasslands takes visitorsto sites and areas seen by five different military expeditions, including Custer and the 7th Cavalry's journey to the Little Bighorn. Among the Plains Tribes, the long-standing ceremonial tradition known as the Sun Dance was the most important religious event of the year. According to some accounts, a small contingent of Indian sharpshooters effectively opposed this crossing. "[133] Facing major budget cutbacks, the U.S. Army wanted to avoid bad press and found ways to exculpate Custer. Directions: Get off Interstate 94 at exit 1 in North Dakota. [77]:44 Based on all the information he gathered, Curtis concluded that Custer had indeed ridden down the Medicine Tail Coulee and then towards the river where he probably planned to ford it. 18761881. Custer's scouts also spotted the regimental cooking fires that could be seen from 10mi (16km) away, disclosing the regiment's position. Porter. Gunpowder of the day is now known as black powder. When the Crows got news from the battlefield, they went into grief. Many men were veterans of the war, including most of the leading officers. ", Donovan, 2008, p. "Explaining his refusal of the Gatling gun detachment and the Second Cavalry battalion, he convolutedly reaffirmed his confidence in the Seventh's ability to defeat any number of Indians they could find. After the battle, Thomas Rosser, James O'Kelly, and others continued to question the conduct of Reno due to his hastily ordered retreat. "[28] At the same time US military officials were conducting a summer campaign to force the Lakota and the Cheyenne back to their reservations, using infantry and cavalry in a so-called "three-pronged approach". There were 4 or 5 at one place, all within a space of 20 to 30 yards. The improbability of getting that message to the hunters, coupled with its rejection by many of the Plains Indians, made confrontation inevitable. Colonel George Custer and his men never stood a fighting chance. That was why he ultimately declined the offer of the Gatling guns that had proven such a bother to Reno. In 1908, Edward Curtis, the famed ethnologist and photographer of the Native American Indians, made a detailed personal study of the battle, interviewing many of those who had fought or taken part in it. Custer Trail Auto Tour follows route through the Badlands toward Montana. ", Lawson, 2007 p. 50: "Custerrefused Major James Brisbin's offer to include his Second Cavalry Regiment [200 troopers], told Terry "the 7th can handle anything it meets. Lawson, 2007, pp. [211] The phenomenon became so widespread that one historian remarked, "Had Custer had all of those who claimed to be 'the lone survivor' of his two battalions he would have had at least a brigade behind him when he crossed the Wolf Mountains and rode to the attack."[212]. Unnamed Road Atop the bluffs, known today as Reno Hill, Reno's depleted and shaken troops were joined about a half-hour later by Captain Benteen's column[65] (Companies D, H and K), arriving from the south. When some stray Indian warriors sighted a few 7th Cavalrymen, Custer assumed that they would rush to warn their village, causing the residents to scatter. Reno's force crossed the Little Bighorn at the mouth of what is today Reno Creek around 3:00pm on June 25. Later accounts from surviving Indians are useful but are sometimes conflicting and unclear. It was where the Indian encampment had been a week earlier, during the Battle of the Rosebud on June 17, 1876. ", Donovan, 2008, p. 175: "Reno had taken one [Gatling gun] along [on his June reconnaissance], and it had been nothing but trouble." Locke on Battle Ridge looking toward Last Stand Hill (top center). ", Philbrick, 2010, p. 73: "The biggest problem with the [Gatling] gun was transporting it to where it might be of some use [in the week preceding the Battle of the Little Bighorn], the Gatling, not the mules, proved to be the biggest hindrance to the expedition. ", Gallear, 2001: "These guns were crudely made for Indian trade and were given out as a sweetener for treaties. The rapid fire power was intimidating, especially to inexperienced soldiers. Field data showed that possible extractor failures occurred at a rate of approximately 1:30 firings at the Custer Battlefield and at a rate of 1:37 at the Reno-Benteen Battlefield. Thompson, p. 211. Gallear, 2001: "some authorities have blamed the gun's reliability and tendency for rounds to jam in the breech for the defeat at the Little Bighorn". Hatch, 1997, p. 124: "This defect was noted by the board of officers (which included Major Reno) that selected the weapon in 1872, but was not considered particularly serious at the time. Custer intended to move the 7th Cavalry to a position that would allow his force to attack the village at dawn the next day. In Custer's book My Life on the Plains, published two years before the Battle of the Little Bighorn, he asserted: Indians contemplating a battle, either offensive or defensive, are always anxious to have their women and children removed from all danger For this reason I decided to locate our [military] camp as close as convenient to [Chief Black Kettle's Cheyenne] village, knowing that the close proximity of their women and children, and their necessary exposure in case of conflict, would operate as a powerful argument in favor of peace, when the question of peace or war came to be discussed.[52]. White Cow Bull claimed to have shot a leader wearing a buckskin jacket off his horse in the river. [citation needed]. [155][156][157][158] In addition to these practical concerns, a strained relationship with Major James Brisbin induced Custer's polite refusal to integrate Brisbin's Second Cavalry unitand the Gatling gunsinto his strike force, as it would disrupt any hierarchical arrangements that Custer presided over. Crook and Terry finally took the field against the Native forces in August. [60] Realizing the full extent of the village's width, Reno quickly suspected what he would later call "a trap" and stopped a few hundred yards short of the encampment. [215] W. A. Graham claimed that even Libby Custer received dozens of letters from men, in shocking detail, about their sole survivor experience. Contemporary accounts also point to the fact that Reno's scout, Bloody Knife, was shot in the head, spraying him with blood, possibly increasing his panic and distress. [187], Two hundred or more Lakota and Cheyenne combatants are known to have been armed with Henry, Winchester, or similar lever-action repeating rifles at the battle. [64] Later, Reno reported that three officers and 29 troopers had been killed during the retreat and subsequent fording of the river. Hatch, 1997, p. 80: "The offer of 3 Gatling Gunswas made to Custer by General Alfred Terry [at the] urging of Major James Brisbin, who also desired his Second Cavalry to become part of Custer's detachment. Threatened with forced starvation, the Natives ceded Paha Sapa to the United States,[106]:19697 but the Sioux never accepted the legitimacy of the transaction. [206] This testimony of widespread fusing of the casings offered to the Chief of Ordnance at the Reno Court of Inquiry in 1879 conflicts with the archaeological evidence collected at the battlefield. While no other Indian account supports this claim, if White Bull did shoot a buckskin-clad leader off his horse, some historians have argued that Custer may have been seriously wounded by him. City: State: Go to Map! Hoxie, Frederick E.: Parading Through History. He also visited the Lakota country and interviewed Red Hawk, "whose recollection of the fight seemed to be particularly clear". According to this theory, by the time Custer realized he was badly outnumbered, it was too late to retreat to the south where Reno and Benteen could have provided assistance. [231], The Indian Memorial, themed "Peace Through Unity" l is an open circular structure that stands 75 yards (69 metres) from the 7th Cavalry obelisk. Two men from the 7th Cavalry, the young Crow scout Ashishishe (known in English as Curley) and the trooper Peter Thompson, claimed to have seen Custer engage the Indians. [145][146] This deployment had demonstrated that artillery pieces mounted on gun carriages and hauled by horses no longer fit for cavalry mounts (so-called condemned horses) were cumbersome over mixed terrain and vulnerable to breakdowns. Battle of the Little Bighorn, also called Custer's Last Stand, (June 25, 1876), battle at the Little Bighorn River in Montana Territory, U.S., between federal troops led by Lieut. A steep bank, some 8 feet (2.4m) high, awaited the mounted men as they crossed the river; some horses fell back onto others below them. Free shipping for many products! [67][note 4] Many of these troopers may have ended up in a deep ravine 300 to 400 yards (270 to 370m) away from what is known today as Custer Hill. "The case for a Custer Battalion survivor: Private Gustave Korns story". Six other troopers had died of drowning and 51 in cholera epidemics. First of all, Custer and Brisbin did not get along and Custer thus would not have wanted to place Brisbin in a senior command position. Indian testimony reported that some soldiers threw down their long guns and fought with their short guns. As the purpose of the tribes' gathering was to take counsel, they did not constitute an army or warrior class. ", Lawson, 2008, p. 53: "Many of the officers and most of the civilians brought along their own weapons. [64] He then said, "All those who wish to make their escape follow me. [14]:82 Historian Douglas Scott theorized that the "Deep Gulch" or "Deep Ravine" might have included not only the steep-sided portion of the coulee, but the entire drainage including its tributaries, in which case the bodies of Bouyer and others were found where eyewitnesses had said they were seen. . Bring Packs. ", Hatch, 1997, p. 24: "Brisbin argued with Terry that Custer was undermanned, and requested that his troops [which had the] Gatling guns with Terry in command because Brisbin did not want to serve under Custerbe permitted to accompany [Custer's] column. [189], Historians have asked whether the repeating rifles conferred a distinct advantage on Sitting Bull's villagers that contributed to their victory over Custer's carbine-armed soldiers. Gallear, 2001: "In 1872 the Army tested a number of foreign and domestic single-shot breechloaders". Only a single badly wounded horse remained from Custers annihilated battalion (the victorious Lakota and Cheyenne had captured 80 to 90 of the battalions mounts). United States. On May 7, 1868, the valley of the Little Bighorn became a tract in the eastern part of the new Crow Indian Reservation in the center of the old Crow country. United States. Attraction status, hours and prices change without . The wounded horse was discovered on the battlefield by General Terry's troops. The Crow scout White Man Runs Him was the first to tell General Terry's officers that Custer's force had "been wiped out." Every soldier of the five companies with Custer was killed (except for some Crow scouts and several troopers that had left that column before the battle or as the battle was starting). The flaw in the ejector mechanism was known to the Army Ordnance Board at the time of the selection of the Model 1873 rifle and carbine, and was not considered a significant shortcoming in the overall worthiness of the shoulder arm. From the south and Fort Fetterman in Wyoming Territory came a column under the command of Gen. George Cook. As an evidence of this I recall the three charred and burned heads we picked up in the village near the scene of the big war dance, when we visited the village with Capt. Paxson", "Prisoners in the Indian Camp: Kill Eagle's Band at the Little Bighorn", "Context Delicti: Archaeological Context in Forensic Work", Account of Custer's fight on Little Bighorn, MSS SC 860, Custer Battlefield Museum, Garryowen, Montana. The museum is located on the grassy riverbank where the Battle of the Little Bighorn began when Major Reno's troops . The covering company would have moved towards a reunion, delivering heavy volley fire and leaving the trail of expended cartridges discovered 50 years later. The extent of the soldiers' resistance indicated they had few doubts about their prospects for survival. [61] From this position the Indians mounted an attack of more than 500 warriors against the left and rear of Reno's line,[62] turning Reno's exposed left flank. Instead, Custer's. [134][note 9] She lived until 1933, hindering much serious research until most of the evidence was long gone. The 7th Cavalry was accompanied by a number of scouts and interpreters: Three of Custer's scouts accompanying Edward Curtis on his investigative tour of the battlefield, circa 1907. Sturgis led the 7th Cavalry in the campaign against the Nez Perce in 1877. Pack Train commander: 1st Lt. Edward Gustave Mathey (detached from M Company), Goose: Arikara scout (wounded in the hand by a 7th Cavalry trooper), Peter Jackson: half-Pikuni and half Blackfoot brother of William, scout, William Jackson: half-Pikuni and half Blackfoot scout. Stands In Timber, John and Margot Liberty (1972): Calloway, Colin G.: "The Inter-tribal Balance of Power on the Great Plains, 17601850". The outcome of the battle, though it proved to be the height of Indian power, so stunned and enraged white Americans that government troops flooded the area, forcing the Indians to surrender. All Army plans were based on the incorrect numbers. The trees also obscured Reno's view of the Native American village until his force had passed that bend on his right front and was suddenly within arrow-shot of the village. [216] At least 125 alleged "single survivor" tales have been confirmed in the historical record as of July 2012. Nichols, Ronald H. (ed) (2007) p. 417, 419. This campsite's prime location near the Little Missouri River makes it likely that all five expeditions stopped here. An auto tour through the Little Missouri National Grasslands takes visitors to sites and areas seen by five different military expeditions, including Custer and the 7th Cavalry's journey to the Little Bighorn. At one point, he led a counterattack to push back Indians who had continued to crawl through the grass closer to the soldier's positions. No definitive conclusion can be drawn about the possible malfunction as being a significant cause of Custer's defeat. About Us . [25], The battlefield is known as "Greasy Grass" to the Lakota Sioux, Dakota Sioux, Cheyenne, and most other Plains Indians; however, in contemporary accounts by participants, it was referred to as the "Valley of Chieftains".[26]. Donovan, 2008, p. 175: "Each of these heavy, hand-cranked weapons could fire up to 350 rounds a minute, an impressive rate, but they were known to jam frequently. Historian James Donovan notes, however, that when Custer later asked interpreter Fred Gerard for his opinion on the size of the opposition, he estimated the force at 1,100 warriors.[43]. Public response to the Great Sioux War varied in the immediate aftermath of the battle. In the last 140 years, historians have been able to identify multiple Indian names pertaining to the same individual, which has greatly reduced previously inflated numbers. [194], Historian Mark Gallear claims that U.S. government experts rejected the lever-action repeater designs, deeming them ineffective in a clash with fully equipped European armies, or in case of an outbreak of another civil conflict. United States. The Indian Wars were seen as a minor sideshow in which troops armed to fight on European battlefields would be more than a match for fighting any number of Indians.". The battle, and Custer's actions in particular, have been studied extensively by historians. "In the early morning hours of June 25th, 1876, the large village of Lakota's and Cheyenne's was observed from a high promontory in the Wolf Mountains. Free shipping for many products! The men on Weir Ridge were attacked by natives,[65] increasingly coming from the apparently concluded Custer engagement, forcing all seven companies to return to the bluff before the pack train had moved even a quarter mile (400m). Five of the 7th Cavalry's twelve companies were wiped out and Custer was killed, as were two of his brothers, a nephew, and a brother-in-law. Neither Custer nor Reno had much idea of the length, depth and size of the encampment they were attacking, as the village was hidden by the trees. Most of these missing men were left behind in the timber, although many eventually rejoined the detachment. The guns were drawn by four condemned horses [and] obstacles in the terrain [would] require their unhitching and assistance of soldier to continueTerry's own battery [of Gatling guns]the one he had offered to Custer[would have] a difficult time keeping up with the march of Colonel John Gibbon's infantry.
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